James sangstett



i @uitrit taire *guitar Vi'i'irr.

JAMES sANGsTEn, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AssIcNoR To HIMSELF AND DANIEL H. BURTIS, oF. SAME PLACE.

Letters .Patent No. 75,468, dated March 10, 1868i IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR CARBUBBTTING AIR.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN:

Be it known that I, JAME SANGSTER, of Butalo, inthe county of Erie, in the State of New York, have invent-ed certain new and useful Improvements in and on Machines for lJarhuretting Air or Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following speciiicationor description is sufficiently clear and exact to enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains, or with which it is most n 'early connected, to ineke,'construct, and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification or description.

'. lhe nature ofmyiinvention consists in- First, the construction and arrangement of the air or gas-wheel or vessel, so' that it may be more easily made und put together, and so that thc-air or gas may he forced in' a continuous and uniform stream, or nearly so, tbroughthe carburetting-liquidor substance, and so that no air may be allowed to'escape while being forced from the water into the tube through which it is forced through the carburetting-liqud.

Second, in combining, with mechanism for forcing air-or gas through carburettinglliquid or liquids, of a device for regulating or adjusting the quantity of air that shall be mingled or combined with said carburettingliquid or liquids, or with the gast'rom said carburetting-liquid or liquids.

Third, in constructing and arranging the framework for holding the driving-mechanism, so that it may be cast in one piece, thereby affording an easier and better means of arranging and putting together thc gear und pinion-wheels, &c., than the usual means heretofore employed for the same purpose.-

Fourth, in a device for dividing the air-bubbles as they rise up through the carburetting-liqui'd or'liquids; the same consisting in a corrugated or luted tube through which the air is forced, said corrugations being conlined to that part or end of the tube from which the air passes in rising up through the said carburetting-liquid or liquids; the object being to divide the air as much as possible, as the bubbles of air, when they are large, as when coming from a. common tube, influence the light to aA considerable extent, producing the flickering motion of the same which has always been so objectionable in gas made bypassing air through carburetting-liquids. By my method the air, which always seeks the highest point of egress, follows, as it is forced through the said carburetted liquid, theiupper parts of each corrugation or groove in the saidcorrugated tube, thus dividing it, so that as manybubbles of air, or nearly so, will rise up through the said liquid as there are divisions or grooves in the tube, `thereby aiording the means for giving' a more steady light by avoiding the flickering of said light, as before mentioned.

Fifth, in the construction of the vessel for holding the carburettingliquid,so that'the distance through which the air passes in passing through said carburetting-liquid will be the same or nearly the same while all or any part of it remains in said vessel. l

Sixth, in constructing or arranging the said vessel for holding the carburettingdiquid, so that it may be put together and the joints sealed by water; also in combining with the pipes leadingfrom the machine, a device or devices for taking up any liquid that might condense within them.

In said drawings, in which lik'eparts are represented by like letters-- Figure l represents a. side elevation ofthe machine complete..

Figure 2, awvertical longitudinal section, showing `the interior arrangement ofthe several parts.-

Figure 3 is a plan view of the machine and air-forcing wheel.

Figure 4 represents a side elevation'of the air-forcing wheel, with a part of the side broken out, so ats-:t0 show the interior construction or arrangement of the same. l Figure 5 is an end view of the tube from which the air isforced into the carburetting-liquid, the arrows showing the manner of dividing the air as it passes up through the-carburetting-lquid.

A, in said drawing, represents the air-wheel; itiis a hollow drum, with a single partition through the centre, thus dividing it in two halves, each of which halves is so constructed that the space within it becomes smaller from thc mouths or openings towards the closed ends of the same, substantially as shown by the dotted lines T, and the openings C D also represent a similar opening on the .opposite side, in g'. 2, and also 'by the view of .the wheel shown in iig. 3. H represents a. tube from which .the air is forced, into the vessel or tube leading`to the carburetting-liquid; is fastened to `the side of the wheel, soV that the partition which passes through the centre of the said wheel, will pass the end of' it ator near the centre. .T J represents a small rod or shaft which passes through the centre of the wheel, and is supported in boxes, or the equivalent thereof, substantially as shownnear the 'said letters J in iig. 2. B represents a flange at the endof the tube H, which prevents the air from passing under the partition B2, thus compelling all of said air to pass up into the tube or chamber Q. E, in iig.Y 4, which is in partial lsection, shows the partition through the wheel A. The openings D and C are placed on the sides of the wheel, and a little in advance of the'partition E, so that it will enter the water before the air is entirely forced out of the chamber on the opposite side of the wheel, and commence forcing the air just before the said opposite chamber has ceased to force it, by which means a continuous and uniform stream of air is made to iow as the wheel revolves.

It will be readily seen that,.when the partition E is in the .position shown by the dotted lines Z and Z in iig. 4, the opening or chamber V would enlarge instead of being contracted, which enlarging would continue until the `end, Z, of said partition was under the surface of the water, which operation would cause a partial vacuum, and draw part of the air from the opposite chamber and prevent a continuous ilow of the air. To obviate this objection I make the Iopenings D and G suiiiciently large to compensate for the loss of space occupied bythe partition E, when in the position as shown in iig. 4 by the letters Z andZ, and also arrange the said chambers V and Vl, so that the opening-or space will gradually contractin width from the beginning to the end.

'The letters U represent two guards, one of which is placed in each chamber, and are soldered firmly to the partition E, one on each side, the object being to preventthe air -from leaving one chamber and passing into the other, instead of being forced through the tube H, as itwould be liable to do when the partition E is in a vertical position; air always taking the easiest points of egress, and hence would be apt to pass across the said partition to the other side,.we`re it not for the guards U, which compel it to pass in the direction of the arrows, which are the only openings left, the other' parts of the guards being air-tight.

S represents a stop-cock, and R a tube leading from the chamber B4. The object of this tube R. and stopcock S, or its equivalent, is to add air to the gas in the chamber P, or its equivalent, when necessary. It very often happens (depending upon the quality of the carburettingliquid,) that the air takes' up too much of said liquid, and makes a gas too rich in carbon, and which is liable to smoke while burning. It is the object and oiiice of the stop-cock S and tube R, or its equivalent, to regulate and adjust the gas in this respect, as by it the machine may be made to mix or mingle with the gas the air. in any proportion or quantity desired.

The tube Q communicates with the chamber 3*, and passes into the gas-chamber P, and downward into the carburetting-liquid, terminating in the .corrugated tube Q2, a front view of which is shown in lig. 5, which is grooved 'or corrugated for purposes 'hereinbefore described iny clause fourth of this specification ordescription. The carburetting-liquid is kept at its proper level just above theend ofl the'tube at Q2 by means of the tube C, which projects downward from the top of the carburetting-liquid vessel to the point where it is desired to maintain th level of said liquid, at which point, as will be readily seen, it is kept by atmospheric pressure. A* represents a weight, which is let down into the tube Cwhen it is desired to ll the vessel with carburettingliquid; it is operated by the handle R5, and is kept air-tight by means of the stutlug-box R.

The object of the weight A4 is to fill up 'the space in the tube C4, which would otherwise `lill up with the carburetting-liquid when the stopper D5, as shown in fig: 1, was taken off, so that the vessel could'be rei'illed with said liquid, after which the stopper D5 is screwed down air-tight'and the weight A is withdrawn. R4 represents the outlet-tube for the gas; it is connected to the` pipe leading from it by means of the coupling It, which is so formed, as shown in iig. 2, that any condensed liquid which might form in the tubes might be taken up by the air, which, aswill be seen, has to lpass under the partition J5 in'said coupling, as many couplings similar or equivalent to R5 being used as there are joints of pipe connected to the machine. N represents the shaft upon which the cord holding the weight is wound. Mis the framework for holding the drivingmachinery. The air-wheel A receives its motion from the weight X4, as shown in fig. 1, which transmits its motion to the wheel l), p inio'n O, wheel K, angd pinion I, which moves the wheel A.

The operation of 'the' machine is as follows: By causing the wheelA to r'evolve in the direction of the arrows V5 in fig. 2, the openings C and D alternately pass into the water and compress the air,` forcing it through the tub'e H,'as before mentioned, into the chamber B4, and from that down through the tube Qand Q', from which it rises up through the'carburetting-liquid into the gas-chamber P, and from this gas-chamber through the tube R4 to the burner which may be connected with it.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure `by Letters Patent, is--vA 4 1. The constructionand arrangement of the air-wheel A, in combination with the guard B, substantially as and for the purposes herein described and set forth.

2. The arrangement and form of the frame M, as and for the purposes described in clause third of this specification or description. V

3. The combination ofthe weight A4 and tube C4, as and for the purposes described.

4. I claim the coupling R5, as and for the purposes herein set forth and described.

' JAMES SANGSTER.

Witnesses DANIEL H. Burris', AMos W. SANesirnR. 

